A swollen abdomen can have several causes, from innocent factors such as indigestion to more serious disorders. Here are 10 possible causes that may explain a bloating feeling:
- Windiness: A build-up of gas in the stomach and intestines, often caused by foods such as carbonated beverages, dairy, beans or cabbages.
- Indigestion: An unpleasant feeling or stomach pain, possibly caused by overeating, excessive alcohol consumption, medications that irritate the stomach or mild stomach infection.
- Infection: A swollen abdomen may be a sign of stomach infection, often accompanied by symptoms such as diarrhoea, vomiting, nausea and abdominal pain.
- Bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine: Disruption of the balance of small intestine bacteria can lead to symptoms such as bloating, frequent diarrhoea and problems with food digestion and nutrient intake.
- Hold on to the moisture: An increase in fluid retention in the body, possibly caused by salt food, hormonal changes or food intolerances.
- Food intolerances: Reactions to certain foods, such as lactose intolerance, gluten allergy or coeliac disease, may lead to swelling of the abdomen and other stomach problems.
- Chronic disorders: Disorders such as Crohn's disease and irritable bowel syndrome (PDS) may cause bloating along with other symptoms such as flatulence, diarrhoea and vomiting.
- Gastroparesis: Reduced gastric movements due to nerve problems, sometimes associated with diseases such as diabetes or hypothyroidism.
- Gynecological disorders: Menstruation, menopause and endomatiosis can cause swelling of the abdomen, cramps and stomach pain.
- Constipation: A build-up of food contents in the intestines can lead to a bloated abdomen, which can often be relieved by hydration, movement and dietary changes.
It is important to consult a doctor if the feeling of bloating persists or is accompanied by severe symptoms.
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