Spondylitis Ankylosing, formerly known as ankylosing spondylitis, is a chronic inflammation of the joints in the spine. This condition leads to calcification of the inter-spine discs, resulting in stiffness and reduced mobility. Although the disease is incurable, regular exercise may help slow down the progression of symptoms.
What is Spondylitis Ankylosing?
Spondylitis Ankylosing, or spondyloarthritis, is an inflammatory rheumatic condition that affects mainly the joints of the spine, sacred bone and pelvis. This condition causes inflammation reactions in the joints resulting in pain, stiffness and reduced mobility. Besides the spine other joints such as those in the hands, knees and feet may also be affected. Approximately a quarter of patients also develop inflammations in the eyes, intestines or urinary tract.
Symptoms of spondylitis
The disease often starts with back and pelvic pain, which worsens when sitting or lying down for a long time but is relieved by movement. Over time the muscles may become stiffer and more painful, thereby reducing patient mobility. This progressive stiffness can lead to a characteristic forward bent posture.
Diagnosis of spondylitis
The diagnosis of spondylitis may be difficult because the symptoms can be vague at the initial stage and not always directly related to the spine. It may take months to years for proper diagnosis to be made. Radiographies of the spine are often sufficient to confirm the diagnosis, although additional studies such as bone scintigraphy are sometimes required.
Cause of spondylitis
Although the exact cause of spondylitis is unknown, genetic factors play an important role. The HLA-B27 gene is associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. Nevertheless, not every person with this gene will develop the disease, suggesting that other environmental or immunological factors also play a role.
Treatment of spondylitis
Treatment of spondylitis often includes the use of anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce the inflammatory reaction and relieve pain. For patients with concomitant intestinal inflammation, sulfasalazine may be effective. Newer medications, such as TNF blockers, have shown promising results in improving symptoms and slowing disease progression.
What can you do with spondylitis?
Regular exercise is essential for controlling symptoms and maintaining mobility. Specific exercises aimed at strengthening and stretching the back and neck muscles can help to maintain flexibility. A good posture is also important to avoid further complications.
In general, it is crucial that patients with spondylitis remain active to prevent disease progression and maintain a good quality of life.
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