Here are the physical consequences of ageing:
- Muscles and body fat: Muscle mass and strength decrease after the age of 30, while body fat percentage usually doubles against the age 75, increasing the risk of health problems.
- Bone and joints: Bone density decreases, which weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures. Joint cartilage becomes thinner and ligaments and tendons become less elastic, which can lead to stiffness and a greater risk of rupture.
- Eyes and ears: Eye lens becomes stiffer, making focusing harder and the vision close to it decreases. Changes in eyes also include a decrease in depth vision and the need for more light to read. Hearing loss is often experienced as people get older.
- Mouth and nose: Reduction of the ability to taste and smell, as well as a dryer mouth and thinner gums, which means that teeth spoil and holes are more common.
- Skin: Thinner and less elastic due to reduced production of collagen and elastin tissues.
- Renal and urinary disorders: Decreased renal function with age may lead to problems with blood filtering and urinary incontinence due to changes in the urinary tract.
- Heart and blood vessels: Resistance to arteries and slower heart filling can lead to an increase in blood pressure, although a older heart is still generally functioning well.
- Brain and nervous system: Decrease in the quality of nerve cells and blood flow to the brain can lead to a decrease in mental functions, although this is usually subtle and becomes real after the age of 70.
These physical changes are normal parts of the aging process and may vary from person to person.
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